「利用者:キュアラプラプ/サンドボックス/丙」を編集中

Ivan the Terrible
3237 Miyagi Hiroki
     Ivan IV, he is known as the first “Tsar” of “Tsardom of Russia”, as great reformer, also as terrible dictator. I will explain about his interesting life.
     In August 25, 1530, Ivan IV was born as the son of Vasili III who grand prince of moscow. However, three years later, Vassili III died. So he became grand prince of moscow although he was only three years old. In reality, the power was only a formality, and smart he was just studying while the nobles are fighting for the power. When he was seventeen, he finally became “Tsar” and gained great power. In Russian, "Tsar" is a title for a monarch. And at this time, the Grand Duchy of Moscow became the "Tsardom of Russia".
     He made various reforms; gave opportunities to small and medium nobles, protected the people from the exploitation of large nobles, and created the first standing army in Russia. He was active not only domestically, but also internationally. He conquered the Khanate of Kazan and the Khanate of Astrakhan and greatly expanded Russian territory to the east.
     In 1553, he nearly died of illness and named his eldest son Dmitry as his successor. However, the great nobles did not take it well. Later, he recovered successfully, but Dmitry fell into a lake and died. Ivan IV was saddened and began to distrust the nobility.
     He then went to war with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and others for Livonia (now Estonia). This Livonian War lasted for a very long time, and in it he came into conflict with his entourage. In addition, his beloved wife, Anastasia, died of illness, and these made him: mentally ill,  as a terrible dictator.